73rd amendment. 73rd Amendment of Panchayati Raj in India 2022-11-16
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The 73rd Amendment to the Constitution of India, also known as the Panchayati Raj Amendment, was a significant reform that aimed to decentralize power and give more decision-making authority to local governments in rural areas. The amendment was passed in 1992 and came into effect on April 24, 1993. It marked a major shift in the way rural areas were governed in India, as it gave gram panchayats (village councils) more power and resources to address the needs of their communities.
Before the 73rd Amendment, rural areas in India were governed by a top-down approach, with decisions being made by higher levels of government and then imposed on local communities. This often resulted in a disconnect between the needs of the community and the actions of the government, as local leaders had little say in how resources were allocated or how problems were addressed.
The 73rd Amendment changed this by giving gram panchayats more control over their own affairs. It established a three-tier system of local government, consisting of gram panchayats at the village level, panchayat samitis (block councils) at the intermediate level, and zilla parishads (district councils) at the district level. Each of these levels of government was given the power to levy and collect taxes, as well as to plan and implement development projects.
The 73rd Amendment also ensured that gram panchayats were more representative of the communities they served. It reserved one-third of all seats for women, and reserved seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in proportion to their population. This helped to ensure that the voices of marginalized groups were heard in local decision-making processes.
The 73rd Amendment has had a significant impact on rural governance in India. It has given local governments more control over their own affairs, which has helped to improve the delivery of public services and to address the needs of the community. It has also empowered women and marginalized groups, who now have a greater say in how their communities are run.
Overall, the 73rd Amendment has been a successful reform that has helped to decentralize power and improve the lives of people living in rural areas of India. It is a prime example of the positive impact that decentralization can have on a country's governance and development.
India's 73rd Constitutional Amendment
The government came up with this amendment to provide an implementation of this Article. This will create more engagement of the public in governance. Electoral State Commission The state election commission has been established and given several responsibilities. In addition, it removed the upper population limit in parliamentary constituencies. In the Constitution, Next, we highlight the salient features of the 73rd amendment and evaluate its impact on local government institutions. It is, here, attempted to highlight dynamics of the opportunities envisioned and outcomes realized; and the challenging realities encountered in the exercise of empowerment of rural women.
This provision brought the uniformity in the Panchayati Raj structure in India. In most states, the local bodies presented a dismal picture and were neglected badly. Which state in India has no Panchayati Raj institution? Similarly, various scholars came forward and gave a long list of reasons for this failure. The data also revealed that the political decisions of majority of the respondents were influenced by their husbands or other family members. There has been an amendment bill pending that seeks to increase reservation for women to 50%.
(PDF) The 73 rd Constitutional Amendment and Empowerment of Rural Women
This council nominates a pradhan, or council president, and an up-pradhan, or vice-president. About 73rd Amendment of the Indian Constitution Passed in 1992, the 73rd Amendment of the Indian Constitution is an amendment to the Constitution that directed on standardising the village bodies of Gram Panchayats and gave them a much-needed title of local self-government. At the district level, the grants are also reviewed and advice provided to solve problems with district resources when possible. It is the most important This article consists of five sections. It came into effect on 24th April 1993. It is imperative that we work towards implementing the 73rd Constitutional Amendment in a way that ensures its success. The only way to contest an election is through an election petition, which must be presented in the manner provided by the state legislature.
(PDF) 73 rd Constitutional Amendment Act and its Impact on Rural Development Dr. Govind Prasad Dubey
However, our research is meant to aid your own, and we are not acting as licensed professionals. Important The election commissioner for this reason is to be appointed by the Governor. The highest tier of the panchayat system is the zila parishad, which represents a distinct district within the state. Before the amendments, the Indian democratic structure through elected representatives was restricted to the two houses of Parliament, state assemblies and certain union territories. The amendment act has two parts.
The panchayats are provided with a grant-in-aid from the Consolidated Fund of the State. In the panchayat system, one-third of all seats are now reserved for women. If this small attempt generates more thought on better ways to educate children, it will have served its purpose. It is rather unfortunate that the Panchayati Raj system set up with great jubilation could not work effectively. The amendment act intended to constitutionally strengthen these institutions and make them a part of the administrative process by allowing them certain autonomy while still working under the supervision of state and central governments. To achieve this goal, the government should focus on capacity building of the panchayats, ensure that the panchayats receive adequate funding to function without any hindrance, and place a monitoring system in place to ensure the resources are being used efficiently. The Raj Panchayat System The system of self-rule established in the 73rd Amendment resurrects a pre-colonial tradition, a council of five village elders charged with settling disputes and guiding village decisions.
These tiers should be naturally connected through a system of indirect elections. At the same time, the members of the Panchayat at the village, intermediate, and district levels shall be directly elected by the people. If one follows this strand of thinking further, the question regarding who owns or is responsible for the education of children opens up considerably. Even after constitutional recognition and new legislation brought about by the state legislatures in the country, the success of the Panchayati Raj largely depend upon the political will of the state governments. However, the responsibility of the election and the choice of the chairman from that elected body is indirectly in the hands of the body elected through direct elections.
73rd Indian Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992 Explained
Its implementation was made possible by passing the Panchayati Raj Act in 1992. Also expected was that the local bodies would be endowed with such power as might be necessary to enable them to work as institutions of self-government and also devolve powers and responsibilities upon them by the state legislatures for the preparation of plans and implementation of development schemes. Women empowerment has become the need of the hour as it has been considered as a tool to bring about changes in the socio-economic environment of our society. It is interesting to note what the founding fathers of the constitution had to say with regard to the role of local self governance see page 5 of this document in nation building — the contrasts in their positions cannot be missed. I wish to also thank M. Again, this council elects a chairman and vice-chairman from their members who serve for a period of four to five years, depending on the regulations set in that district.
What are the main provisions of 73rd constitutional amendment?
Minor irrigation, water management and watershed development. The district council-governed hill regions of Manipur and the Darjeeling district of West Bengal. They are also responsible for planning, implementing and monitoring various developmental programs. Their staff took time from their pressing schedules to accompany us to various locations and set up the interactions with teachers, government officials and Panchayat members. Gram Panchayat Gram panchayats are responsible for cleanliness, cleaning public roads, and public toilets, and providing safe drinking water, primary healthcare, and education.
73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992 By Unacademy
At the block level, the grant requests are reviewed, and the leaders of the villages assess whether these needs can be met locally, or if state grants are needed, programs can be combined to serve multiple villages with one effort. On practical level, people are illiterate in India and they are actually not aware of these novel features. Compulsory Provisions These provisions are mandatory and have to be ensured at every level of the Panchayat System. Nonetheless, the country is still grappling with inadequate awareness, non-devolution of authority and lack of funding. The reserved seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in the Panchayat. The Committee also recommended the establishment of a separate judicial tribunal to deal with the cases regarding elections or any other matters of panchayats. Members serve for a five-year term and work toward the many development goals of the village.
After all, as some would argue, one of the chief tasks of education is the preparation of the next generation. What is difference between 73rd and 74th Amendment? The chairman of the Zila Parishad should be the 7. This act granted constitutional status to panchayats and democratized decentralization. Your essay should also explain the function of and intentions behind the 73rd Amendment. The Act created Zilla Parishad, or village councils, which had the power to run local affairs. But at the village level, the election of chairperson of Panchayat Sarpanch may be direct or indirect as provided by the state in its own Panchayati Raj Act. They are to be equal partners in the nation building and political development.
