Activity-based budgeting (ABB) is a budgeting method that focuses on the activities that a business performs in order to create value for its customers. It is a more detailed and accurate way of budgeting compared to traditional budgeting methods, which often rely on broad estimates and assumptions.
In ABB, a company first identifies the specific activities that are necessary to produce its goods or services. These activities, known as cost drivers, are then used to determine the costs associated with each activity. For example, the cost of producing a product may be determined by the number of units produced, the number of production runs, or the amount of time spent on each production run.
One of the main advantages of ABB is that it provides a more accurate picture of a company's costs. Traditional budgeting methods often rely on broad estimates and assumptions, which can lead to inaccurate budget projections. ABB, on the other hand, takes a more detailed and granular approach to cost estimation, which results in more accurate budgets.
Another advantage of ABB is that it allows a company to better understand the relationship between its activities and its costs. By identifying the specific activities that drive costs, a company can identify opportunities to reduce costs and increase efficiency. For example, a company may discover that a particular production process is unnecessarily complex and costly, and decide to streamline it in order to reduce costs.
ABB can also help a company to better align its budget with its strategic goals. By focusing on the activities that are necessary to achieve its goals, a company can allocate its resources more effectively and make better decisions about where to invest its resources.
Overall, ABB is a valuable tool for companies looking to improve their budgeting processes and make more informed decisions about how to allocate their resources. By focusing on the activities that create value for customers and drive costs, a company can better understand its costs, identify opportunities to reduce costs, and align its budget with its strategic goals.