Three types of communication theories. Communication theories 2022-11-15
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Communication theories are frameworks that attempt to explain how and why people communicate the way they do. There are many different types of communication theories, but in this essay, we will focus on three particularly influential ones: social learning theory, social exchange theory, and uncertainty reduction theory.
Social learning theory is a perspective that emphasizes the role of socialization in shaping an individual's communication behaviors. According to this theory, people learn how to communicate through observing and imitating others, particularly those who are important or influential in their lives. For example, a child may learn how to use polite language by observing and mimicking their parents, or a young adult may learn how to make small talk by watching their peers interact at a party. Social learning theory suggests that our communication behaviors are not innate, but rather they are shaped by the people and environments around us.
Social exchange theory is another influential communication theory that focuses on the reciprocity and mutual benefit that often underlie interpersonal relationships. According to this theory, people engage in communication with others in order to achieve some sort of reward or benefit, whether it be emotional, social, or material. Social exchange theory suggests that people are rational actors who weigh the costs and benefits of their interactions, and will only continue to communicate with someone if they believe the benefits outweigh the costs. This theory has been applied to a wide range of communication contexts, including friendships, romantic relationships, and even communication in the workplace.
Uncertainty reduction theory is a communication theory that focuses on how people seek to reduce uncertainty and increase predictability in their interactions with others. According to this theory, people are motivated to communicate with others in order to gather information about them and reduce uncertainty about their intentions, behaviors, and beliefs. This theory has been applied to a wide range of communication contexts, including initial encounters, online communication, and communication in teams and organizations.
In conclusion, these three communication theories – social learning theory, social exchange theory, and uncertainty reduction theory – offer different perspectives on the role of communication in shaping our relationships and interactions with others. While each of these theories has its own unique focus and implications, they all highlight the importance of understanding how and why people communicate the way they do in order to effectively navigate and build relationships with others.
8 Communication models explained
According to this theory, both human and nonhuman factors are equally accountable for technological innovation and the knowledge creation process. Printed information developed in the nineteenth century. Then he explains the cognitive dissonance he felt when he realized the atrocities being committed in Syria. Had Julian asked Paula for clarification after Peter interrupted her, the whole communication process would have been more effective, and there would have been no mistakes. The standpoint theory, supporting this, states that every person has a different rank in the social group. One of the major drawbacks of this model is that it does not pay attention to the feedback in communication because the audience is passive.
This theory postulates that pointing out these conflicting beliefs can produce enough discomfort to convince someone to change their belief in order to resolve the dissonance. In the example above, this sensory experience would be witnessing a road accident. Communication Models — Aristotle, Berlos, Shannon and Weaver, Schramms. Verbal communication has two types A. This may alienate others and make it less likely they will hear the full message. Communication accumulation theory believes the same. Calling someone stupid isn't very persuasive.
People very often take communication for granted. Every one of us brings a unique field of experience into communication situations. Mechanical This point says that communication is a mechanical process that passes from one location to the other. Standpoint Theory Standpoint Theory claims that each person is seated in a different rank among the social hierarchy. Visual aids can help a speaker remember important topics, give the audience something to look at, and generally help convey the message being presented. For example, these are newspaper editors that edit the message before it reaches the readers.
24 Top Mass Communications Theories (A to Z List) (2023)
If we recall the agenda-setting theory, it had two levels — a first level in which the audience is told what to think, and a second level in which the audience is subtly instructed in how to think about the information conveyed to them. So they often called as Decoder. There are many reasons reasons why intercultural communication is important. Communication accumulation theory believes the same. For example, some studies show that fish oil supplements help prevent heart disease, and other studies show that they don't help.
This is because they fear they will be isolated by the majority and suffer social rejection. That makes the receiver more receptive to the message because they feel their opinion is being taken into account. Plants communicate their need to be taken care of and watered immediately through visible changes in the colour of the leaves, and the falling of leaves and flowers. Some models are more detailed than others, but even the most elaborate ones cannot perfectly represent what goes on in a communication encounter. The rational model can get pretty complicated. Both of these elements are also repeated in the theory of planned behavior.
A dependency model of mass-media effects. Principles of Public Speaking Simple Book Production. Consonance can be an explanation when the two stimuli achieve congruence or balance. So, when faced with a situation when their perception of something is in conflict with reality, they will attempt some kind of rationalization to harmonize the conflicting thoughts in their head. It also includes the reactions, feelings of the receiver after he decodes the information. The muted group theory states that certain marginalized groups in society find it difficult to articulate their voices because the mass communication system overwhelmingly favors the majority. Through his crying the pup tried to communicate Ted about his deteriorating condition and requirement of medical aid.
Thus the universal law of communication theory says that all living beings whether they are plants, animals, human beings communicate through sound, speech, visible changes, body movements, gestures or in the best possible way to make the others aware of their thoughts, feelings, problems, happiness or any other information. Cognitive dissonance is incredibly uncomfortable. Coca-Cola, for example, once tried to find a phonetic equivalent of their brand for the Chinese market and came up with KeKou-KeLa. Selective retains is when one only retain the information that upholds information supporting ones belief while forgetting others. These model the differences, for example, between a conversation among two individuals and the exchange of ideas in a six-person staff meeting, and what affects those exchanges. On the other hand, divergence is primarily used to highlight the differences in the group. Similarly, intercultural communication is also crucial for anyone working with people from other cultures to avoid misunderstandings and even offense.
Different Media Theories Used in Mass Communication
They also can target and perceive more than one communication goal successfully. Aside from that, the role of feedback is also significant. Framing Theory The framing theory of mass communication builds upon the agenda-setting theory. It suggests that no one person or thing is solely responsible for these advancements. These typically reinforce verbal communication, and they help to make a point. Social Learning Theory Social Learning Theory argues that people learn from each other through observing, imitating, and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others.
The source The source or the sender carefully puts their thoughts into words and transfers the message to the receiver. It utilizes the spoken word, either face-to-face or remotely. Economic and Political Theories Some communication theories focus on how to apply communication toward achieving specific economic or political goals. Multicultural communication Multicultural refers to how a group or team is composed, in particular a group that is made up of people with different nationalities. On the other hand, the accommodation out of the group occurs when one does not experience a sense of belonging to the group. Face Negotiation Theory highlights conflict style differences between collectivist and individualistic cultures.
