What are the four theories of the press. The Four Theories of the Press 2022-11-16
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The four theories of the press are the authoritarian theory, the libertarian theory, the social responsibility theory, and the Soviet communist theory.
The authoritarian theory sees the media as an instrument of the state and believes that it should be used to promote the goals and values of the government. This theory is often associated with autocratic regimes, where the media is tightly controlled and used as a propaganda tool.
The libertarian theory, on the other hand, sees the media as a check on government power and believes in complete freedom of the press. It argues that the media should be free to report on any issue, regardless of whether it is favorable to the government or not. This theory is often associated with democracies, where the media plays a vital role in holding politicians accountable.
The social responsibility theory combines elements of both the authoritarian and libertarian theories. It acknowledges that the media has a role to play in promoting the common good, but also believes that it should be free to report on any issue. This theory emphasizes the media's role in educating the public and promoting democracy, rather than promoting the goals of the government.
The Soviet communist theory sees the media as a tool of the communist party and believes that it should be used to promote socialist values and ideals. This theory is often associated with countries that have a communist government, where the media is heavily controlled and censored.
Overall, the four theories of the press highlight the different ways in which societies view the role of the media in relation to the state and the public. While each theory has its own strengths and weaknesses, it is important for any society to have a free and independent media that is able to report on the issues that matter most to its citizens.
Four Theories of the Press
Finally, the government set official media to deliver the information to society. The four theories are: The Authoritarian Theory, The Libertarian Theory, Soviet-Communist Theory, and Social-Responsibility Theory. His conception of authoritarianism was similar to that of Siebert and Lowenstein. It lies between those two theories. Advertisers and corporations can influence the press as much as a government in authoritarian system.
Normative theories are more focused in the relationship between Press and the Government than press and the audience. Shepard was a gay, male student from Laramie, Wyoming, who attended the University of Wyoming. The authority set the code of conduct for the news agencies. These concepts serve as dimensions of comparison for both media- and political systems. Mass media are to do what is best for the state and party; and what is best determined by the elite leadership of State and Party. In theory, a libertarian press functions to present the truth, however splintered it may be in a pluralism of voices. Authoritarian Theory of the Press The authoritarian theory explains that the government authority directly controls the communication outlets.
Menu Four Theories of the Press are Authoritarian Theory, Libertarian Theory, Social Responsibility Theory, and Communist Soviet Theory. The mass media, under authoritarianism, have only as much freedom as the national leadership at any particular time is willing to permit. Generally the media are privately owned, although the leader or his elite group may own units in the total communication system. Communist Soviet Theory Example The Soviet Union was reconstructed with the new norms based on the Marxist-Leninist beliefs in the 1917th revolution. The mass media in a communist society, said Marx, were to function basically to perpetuate and expand the socialist system.
Four Theories of the Press: Authoritarian vs. Libertarian
There are two dominant views, the pluralist and Marxist theories of mass media, which shall be evaluated in depth during the course of this essay. The press and communication system is controlled by the government nominated authority or agency. This includes television, radio, advertising, movies, internet, newspapers, and magazines. Also, 4 Theories of journalism and mass communication. The message are primarily about reinforcing shared ideals such as justice, individualism, democracy and respect for the law. In social sciences, the interdependence between media systems and political systems is generally not in doubt.
The normative theory of the press can be classified into four main theories, Authoritarian theory, Libertarian theory, Social Responsibility as well as Soviet Communist. Media help to correlate or co-ordinate various parts of the social system by gathering and disseminating valuable information. A Normative theory describes an ideal way for a media system to be controlled and operated by the government, authority, leader and public. This book explains the four types of the press: Authoritarian Theory, Libertarian Theory, Social Responsibility Theory, Communist Soviet Theory. Libertarian theory Libertarian theory refers to the freedom of the press to disseminate information Siebert et al.
Therefore, journalists and media practitioners manage the press directly. Nevertheless, Four Theories of the Press remains an important read for communication students and educators. Therefore, it is also known as the normative theory of mass communication. Four Theories of the Press The four theories of the press are authoritarian, libertarian, social responsibility, and communist soviet theory. It is also known as the four theories of the Press by Wilbur Schramm 1956.
McQuail 1992; 1995; 2000 concerns the perceived and ideal role s the media are to play in a society, or how to operate and perform if certain social values are to be observed or attained, and if the media is to contribute to the development and sustainment of democracy. The communist party owns all the media of the country. The mass media, under authoritarianism, are educators and propagandists by which the power elite exercise social control. The development of the press has been shaped by a number of theories that seek to explain how the media has evolved over time. Relationship Between Media And Government 1795 Words 8 Pages But the positive interaction of government-press-society does not mean that each party must lose the function of its functional idealism.
Four Theories of the Press: Authoritarian, Libertarian, Social Responsibility These theories are more concern about the ownership of the media and who controls the press or media in the country. Communist theory, like that of authoritarianism, is based on the premise that the masses are too fickle and too ignorant and unconcerned with government to be entrusted with governmental responsibilities. Normative theories are different from other communication theories because they are not based on scientific explanations and predictions. While some of the media is conservative-biased I believe the mass media is liberal-biased. Natural moral law is seen by most people as one type of deontological theory; Kant's theory of the Categorical Imperative is another. However, she did not do enough research to make sure the story that was given to her was valid, and, therefore, did not follow the ethics of journalism. It has become a major factor in the society as people are depending on it to accomplish specific tasks.
Four Theories of the Press: Authoritarian, Libertarian, Social Responsibility
Press is responsible for explaining to society what is actually the government want to know the society. Overall, the development of the press has been influenced by a range of factors, including technological innovations, cultural values, and economic and political interests. Siebert, Peterson and Schramm discuss journalism philosophy presenting four theories concepts might have been a more realistic term : 1. Fourth, they help us socialise and educate us. Four theories of the press: The authoritarian, libertarian, social responsibility, and soviet communist concepts of what the press should be and do Vol. Blank Family foundation in Atlanta, conducted a research study on the importance of freedom of speech.
